Your lifestyle and the ageing process can "stain" and change the colour of your teeth. Many of the things we do on a regular basis can contribute to the pigmentation of our teeth, such as the consumption of foods and especially coloured liquids: coffee, tea, fizzy and coloured non-alcoholic drinks, red wine or smoking.

To regain your winning smile, you can confidently turn to the professional whitening products we recommend in the office or at home.

- are the most advanced teeth whitening equipment on the market
- produce excellent and fast results in maximum safety, your teeth can be whitened up to 12 shades
- whitens teeth in just 30 minutes
- achieves whitening with long-lasting results
- operates with a powerful halogen light source (150W)
- feature excellent filtration and ventilation ensuring zero radiation and heat
- the wavelength obtained is uniform and constant
- Patients who opt for teeth whitening also receive special polarised glasses during treatment for full protection.

Dental Advisor - the most prestigious dental magazine in the US gave Beyond teeth whitening products excellent marks in their reviews (5 out of 5 for the Beyond Polus lamp).

Dental enamel is NOT affected or demineralised as a result of this treatment. Transient tooth sensitivity may occur after tooth whitening treatment. By applying Relief ACP Oral Care Gel, included in the whitening kit, the sensitivity will diminish and disappear after 24 hours.

Pregnant and breastfeeding women. People with gum disease, untreated tooth decay, cracked teeth, etc. Patients under 16 years of age. People allergic to whitening products. Excessive and repeated tooth whitening with strong whitening products is not recommended, as they can cause irreparable damage to teeth. At the same time, teeth whitening procedures can cause tooth sensitivity, irritation and pain, at least for a period of time.

Tooth whitening is unfairly regarded as a controversial treatment due to the invasion of the consumer market by substances marketed for this purpose but of questionable effectiveness. It is recommended to use whitening substances under the supervision of a dentist, at least during the first sessions, in order to control unpleasant effects (poor adaptation of the whitening guards, reflux of the substance towards the gum edge, gingival burns). The whitening substances used in our practice are part of the Opalescence range (for natural teeth, devital teeth - without nerve -, wearers of fixed orthodontic appliances).

Teeth whitening or tooth bleaching is one of the most sought-after cosmetic dentistry procedures for patients with mild to moderate dental dyschromia (unsightly discolouration) on vital or devital teeth. It works on changes in tooth colour caused by old age, tea, coffee, red wine or tobacco consumption. However, the effects of the latter are easily removed. Less spectacular teeth whitening results are obtained in teeth affected by tetracycline treatment during pregnancy. This drug has effects on the structure of the foetus' teeth, changing their natural colour.

There are different ways and procedures for teeth whitening, from professional ones, which can be done at the dentist's office, to simple but less effective solutions that patients turn to (teeth whitening toothpastes, teeth whitening strips and gels, etc.).

Dental prophylaxis is the simplest and cheapest method of dental treatment. Dental prophylaxis is the name given to all methods of preventing disease in and around dental tissues.

Oral hygiene is of paramount importance, both for our health and from a social point of view because when we come into contact with another person the first impact is visual, and a beautiful smile is a plus point. Often patients try to get their brushing right but unfortunately they don't know how to..... That's why we will explain in detail all the methods of tooth brushing as well as how to use auxiliary methods of hygiene.

Time and eating foods that are coloured and aggressive to the teeth can cause yellowing and damage. Many external factors affect the colour of the teeth: excessive consumption of tea, coffee, cigarettes, taking certain antibiotics, etc. These discolourations of the tooth surfaces can cause complexities for patients and sometimes lead to more serious consequences, such as premature tooth loss. If the yellowing is due to external factors such as tobacco, coffee or tea, scaling is necessary every six months, combined with rigorous brushing every day. For patients suffering from periodontal disease, this procedure is necessary even more often (every 3-4 months). Thus, if not regularly removed from the surface of the teeth, plaque can turn into tartar by combining with minerals in the saliva. It is a hard deposit that adheres to the surface of the teeth. Irritating and rich in germs, tartar that builds up on teeth can affect their health over time. Bacteria can lead to the development of tooth decay and excess tartar increases the risk of gum and periodontal disease, one of the causes of tooth loss.

Unfortunately, removing tartar deposits cannot be solved at home by simply brushing or using other products, but only by your dentist through a scaling. The modern ultrasonic technique available in our office ensures very good results, does not damage tooth enamel and is an effective and inexpensive method of prophylaxis.

Detergent removal consists of removing the hard deposit using an ultrasonic device, usually, and polishing the cleaned surfaces. This procedure aims to restore the teeth to their normal aesthetic appearance, recreate a healthy environment for the teeth and periodontium, and facilitate oral hygiene control.

A full scaling should be considered at the twice-yearly dental check-up. All teeth should be cleaned, whether or not tartar is visible to the naked eye. This can prevent periodontal disease. The advice of the DentoSan Med team is: To brush our teeth every morning and evening, following a correct method that we can show you on the study models. It is very important that the brushing method is correct, because with the wrong movements brushing can become not only ineffective, but even harmful.

Professional brushing is one of the preventive measures and is recommended at least once every 2 months, especially if you are a smoker. Its role is to remove bacteria deposited on the tooth surface, to remove stains and superficial tartar deposits which, left untreated in time, lead to more serious problems. Professional brushing is also carried out after an ultrasonic scaling procedure to further clean and polish teeth. Although brushing at home twice a day is absolutely necessary, it is not sufficient. Unhealthy eating habits, sometimes poor dental hygiene, smoking are just some of the issues that indicate the need for professional teeth cleaning. Brushing at the dentist's office is carried out with professional equipment and a special paste that ensures a much more thorough cleaning.

Frequent consumption of coloured foods, coffee or smoking are the main causes of unsightly discolouration of tooth surfaces. Added to these are tartar and plaque, sources for the development of tooth decay and periodontal disease.
One of the most effective measures to remove these problems is the AIR FLOW treatment. It is a simple, quick procedure that is performed by exposing the tooth surface to a powerful jet of water, air and baking soda. The results are immediately visible, your teeth will be cleaner and brighter. You will also enjoy a feeling of freshness and pleasant breath. You don't have to worry about this AirFlow procedure, as it has no negative effects on your teeth or gums either.

Fluoridation is a form of prophylactic treatment of major importance in maintaining the health of the teeth, in terms of reducing the occurrence of dental caries and the worsening of lesions already formed, by strengthening and remineralising the enamel. Fluoridation is also recommended for people with a high degree of dentine sensitivity, eliminating the discomfort that exposing teeth to extreme temperatures (hot or cold) causes. It can be carried out both at the dentist's office and at home by the patient using fluoride-based toothpastes or mouthwashes. Our doctors will only perform fluoridation treatment after a complete hygiene: scaling (if it has not been done in the last 6 months), professional brushing and AirFlow to ensure the effectiveness of the procedure.
Essentially, they will apply professional products (consisting of fluoride toothpastes, gels, solutions), which will be left to work for 1-2 minutes on each arch. Following this treatment, you should not rinse your mouth, drink water or eat for 30 minutes.

The procedure performed correctly has no side effects and is recommended for all categories of people, except for children under 6 and pregnant women. The most commonly used methods of prophylaxis of dental diseases are based on the use of fluoride. If used properly, it has a beneficial role in improving the quality of dental structures and thus increasing their strength.

Fluoride can be administered either systemically or topically. Local fluoridation methods involve applying gels, pastes or varnishes with an increased fluoride content to the teeth.

Following proper hygiene (daily brushing, flossing, mouthwash) of your teeth can save you a lot of trouble, but some areas cannot be adequately cleaned despite your best efforts and are difficult to brush (premolars and especially molars).

Dental surfaces may have grooves or small cracks where bacteria accumulate and over time lead to dental caries, which affects even very young children. Therefore, a highly effective preventive measure is sealing. This should be done immediately after the development of permanent teeth (from the age of 6). As it is a preventive measure, it does not involve anaesthesia or the use of drills and is not painful, and the procedure is very easily accepted by children. It is not, however, exclusively for a certain age group, but can also be performed on adults, provided the teeth are not decayed.

Dental sealing involves a thorough pre-hygienisation, followed by the application of a clear or opaque resin-like liquid to the tooth surface. The sealant will penetrate existing grooves and cracks, harden and prevent food debris or bacteria from entering and affecting the health of the teeth.
The protection of the seal is maintained for approximately 2 years, provided proper hygiene is maintained. We recommend that you do not omit regular check-ups at the dentist's surgery.

Bruxism is an involuntary act of grinding teeth and clenching the jaw. This happens most commonly during sleep, causing facial pain, headaches, dentin sensitivity or even tooth mobilisation. Untreated, this disorder does not allow you to rest well and leads over time to tooth damage. Bruxism occurs in both children and adults, but is more common in people aged 25-44.

The occurrence of bruxism is not strictly associated with certain causes, but it is most often thought to be caused by various psychosocial factors (such as stress and anxiety), the use of psychoactive substances, sleep disturbances, or a lack of proper tooth alignment.

Psychosocial factors: several studies have found that almost 70% of bruxism cases are caused by stress or anxiety. Stress at work is responsible for the lack of quality rest and is the factor most often associated with bruxism.

Psychoactive substance use: The incidence of bruxism is significantly higher in people whose lifestyle includes the use of psychoactive substances (tobacco, alcohol, caffeine or sleep medication, depression, anxiety).

Sleep disorders: bruxism is more common in people who have sleep disorders associated with snoring or suffer from obstructive sleep apnoea (a respiratory disorder characterised by repeated pauses in breathing).

Occlusal disorders: teeth are not aligned correctly (especially during growth), which can lead to bruxism.

If relaxation methods or behavioural therapies (psychoanalysis, autosuggestion, hypnosis, progressive relaxation, meditation, self-monitoring, etc.) are not effective and tooth wear has reached a worrying level, your dentist may recommend that you wear a mouthguard. This is a moulding made of soft rubber, made by the dental technician, which can be worn at night and also during the day, depending on the case. The purpose of the mouthguard is to prevent the teeth from rubbing against each other, thus preventing further wear.

Dental bridges are fixed dental restorations that can be used to replace missing teeth and are an alternative to dentures and implants. They are basically artificial teeth, inserted between porcelain crowns, that fill the gap created by a missing tooth. The procedure is not suitable for all patients, as dental bridges can only be used to replace a range of one to three teeth, and the natural teeth on either side must be healthy enough to support the placement of dental crowns and bridges. In our Dentosan Med practice we make dental bridges of various types from different materials for each different edentulous diagnosis.

Dental bridges restore the integrity of the dental arches and restore the functions of the dento-maxillary apparatus: mastication, physiognomy, phonation, swallowing and self-care.
Missing teeth can cause not only aesthetic but also functional problems, ultimately affecting patients' health. That is why it is better not to put off dealing with a missing tooth for too long, and dental bridges are a treatment option in this case.
They prevent movement of healthy teeth and increase patient comfort, improve the ability to bite and chew while reducing speech problems. In addition, the risk of tooth decay or periodontal disease is greatly reduced.
Many patients prefer dental bridges to dental implants or dentures. Dental implants are among the most expensive solutions for replacing missing teeth. Implant-supported bridges can also be made, but it is worth emphasising the importance of choosing implant-supported bridges with exclusive implant support and avoiding mixed anchorage on implants and natural teeth. In addition, treatment generally lasts up to 6-12 months depending on the implanted area. Dentures can be used to replace several teeth or even the entire dentition, but many patients feel that dentures do not provide the necessary stability or comfort. Dentures can also be temporary acrylic and durable frameworks.
Reconstructions based on porcelain dental bridge (dental ceramic) also have the advantage of giving a more natural look to the replaced area, being adapted to match the color, shape, size and alignment of the other teeth. In addition, a properly executed restoration is as strong or even stronger than a natural tooth. If you follow rigorous oral hygiene measures, a patient can use this dental bridge for around 7-10 years or even longer if they follow our recommended checks.
In case you have missing teeth we invite you to the DentosanMed office to analyze the situation of your teeth and determine the dental bridge options that suit you!

The main disadvantage of dental bridges is that they require the preparation (grinding) of healthy/integral teeth that border the edentulous space in order to apply the dental bridge.
Dental bridges are a viable alternative to implants and dentures, but they also have a number of limitations and disadvantages.
Patients must have healthy gums and natural supporting teeth strong enough to support the bridge. Bridges are generally not removable, except for those screwed onto implants, which makes them much harder to maintain. A fragment of the supporting tooth structure must be removed (ground away) to place the dental crowns between which the bridge sits. If the teeth that border the edentulous space are not strong enough to support it or the bridge is too long, the dental reconstruction can be uncovered. Dental bridges, although they last for many years, must at some point be replaced. Some patients experience pain and tenderness in the days following treatment, especially if temporary restorations in the front and side areas are not considered.
If you have missing teeth we invite you to our DentoSanMed practice to show you the treatment alternatives in 2014 to dental bridges, which also have disadvantages, as seen above.

A dental crown may be required in one of the following situations: 1. to protect a devital tooth prone to fracture or to support parts of a fractured tooth 2. to restore a fractured tooth over a root cemented coronoradicular device or a very "chipped"/abraded tooth; 3. to cover and support a tooth with a large filling when there is very little of the original tooth structure left and it can no longer provide sufficient support; 4. to support a dental bridge; 5. to cover deformed or discoloured teeth when there is no indication of a dental veneer; 6. to cover a dental implant.

Dental crowns are not meant to last forever, but if you are willing to devote time each day to optimal tooth hygiene, your crown should last about 10 years or more.
It also depends on how the dentist fixes the crown (an improperly fixed crown can lead to bacteria buildup and the creation of secondary caries) and how healthy the bone supporting structure is.

The first visit to the dentist's office must be made before the age of 3. The age at which the child should be cleaned by the parents starts with the eruption of the first milk tooth at 4-6 months and continues until the child learns the correct brushing technique. The age at which the eruption of milk teeth usually ends when the child has 20 teeth is reached at 2.5-3 years. It is important and necessary that the first contact with the paediatric dentist, who is in charge of the treatment of children's teeth, takes place as early as possible and that the familiarisation with the dental surgery is done gradually, before pain or the need for dental operations.
Our goal, as far as dental treatments for children are concerned, is that every child reaches the period of permanent teeth without cavities, without fear of the dentist and with good eating habits and oral hygiene that will be sustainable over time. This will lead to maintaining healthy teeth even in old age.
For the first visit to the dentist the child should be prepared, parents should talk to their children about it and ensure the doctor as pleasant an image as possible. You can start by telling your child about how great they are and that it's time for a visit to the dentist. Try to have as positive an attitude as possible so that together we can create an enjoyable experience for your child and they will be happy to return to our DentosanMed office. If you have any anxiety about your "past" in the dental office, try to hide it from your child and do not transmit fear to him/her. Try not to use words like: pain, fear, injection. We use a special vocabulary to explain to your child every operation we will do, so that he/she can relax and enjoy coming back.

We have to take into account that the child is not always eager for a dental treatment and in these situations, even if it is scheduled, it is better to cancel the session of that day so that the little patient does not become repulsed by the dental treatment. Our strategy in treating children (and not only) is based on prophylaxis and regular check-ups. This way we provide the child with more comfort because by detecting early caries or possible orthodontic problems, dental operations will be minimally invasive.
We recommend regular check-ups at 6 months consisting of a consultation and professional teeth cleaning and in children with mixed dentition (when there are both baby teeth and permanent teeth on the arches at the same time) even more often at 2-4 months. We also recommend applying fluoride gels twice a year and sealing young permanent teeth. In our office DentoSanMed we are with you through means and methods of perofessional stress and anxiety in children at the first visit to the dental office.

For the first visit to the dentist the child should be prepared, parents should talk to their children about it and provide the doctor with as pleasant an image as possible without frightening them. You can start by telling your child about how great he or she is and that it's time to visit the dentist. Try to have as "positive" an attitude as possible so that together we can create an enjoyable experience for your child and they will be happy to return to our DentosanMed office. If you have anxiety about your "past" in the dental office, try to hide it from your child and do not transmit fear. Try not to use words like: pain, fear, injection. We use a special vocabulary to explain to your child each operation we will do, so that he/she relaxes and enjoys this new beneficial experience.
Due to our speciality we have to take into account that the child is not always eager for a dental treatment and in these situations, even if it is scheduled, it is better to cancel the session of that day so that the little patient does not acquire repulsion towards dental treatment. Our strategy in treating children is based on prophylaxis and regular check-ups. This way we provide the child with more comfort because by detecting early caries or possible orthodontic problems, dental operations will be minimally invasive. We recommend regular check-ups at 3-6 months consisting of consultation and professional teeth hygiene, especially during the period of tooth changes. We also recommend the application of fluoride gels twice a year to increase enamel strength.

Primary prophylaxis aims to avoid the occurrence of caries, and in its realization can intervene both non-specific measures regarding health, diet, and specific measures to promote better mineralization of dental structures such as: topical fluoridation with fluoride application on the surface of the teeth twice a year and sealing of young permanent teeth at a short interval after their eruption on the arch. We perform these treatments successfully in our office Dentosan Med.

The sealing of occlusal grooves and fossae (i.e. the dental surfaces with the help of which food is chewed in the posterior areas of the arches) consists of applying special materials at this level without invasive preparation of these surfaces only after perfect hygiene and bonding. Prophylaxis of dental caries starts at an early age in children, from the time of the eruption of the first permanent molar on the arch after 5 years.
The best method of prophylaxis is to seal the respective grooves and fissures of the pits and irregularities on the surface of the tooth where caries occurs and because the cleaning in these fissures is more difficult due to their smaller size than the diameter of the bristles in the toothbrushes, situations in which deep fissures create spaces for food retention and bacterial plaque, ideal factors for triggering the caries process. Occlusal groove sealing is considered a method of "immunisation" of the dental surfaces, the safest method of primary prophylaxis, of newly erupted teeth and is carried out with opaque or transparent light-curing composite resins. Dental sealing is performed successfully and easily in our office Dentosan Med.

The permanent first molar (or six-year-old molar) erupts behind all the baby teeth without the first baby tooth changing. It has been observed that it can erupt much faster even at 5 years of age without parents noticing it in time.
We therefore recommend regular check-ups around the age of 5 to identify this time and apply specific prophylactic measures.
6. What should children's healthy eating habits be?
1. Reduce the frequency of food consumption between main meals. If you still can't, always ask your child to brush their teeth or eat a piece of fruit (apple).
2. Encourage tooth brushing and flossing even in children
3. Watch out for drinks (with high sugar content) and reduce their consumption.
4. Avoid eating sticky foods (candy, gummy candies, cakes) etc. Sweets can be eaten after main meals and then sanitation can become a habit.

Periodontal diseases are mainly caused by bacteria, but there are other factors that determine the evolution of the disease. Among them we mention: inadequate oral hygiene, tartar deposits, systemic diseases: diabetes, heart disease, respiratory disease and related chronic medication, smoking, other medications: steroids, cancer drugs, epilepsy, oral contraceptives, ill-fitting dental points too long or too thick gingival margin, crowded teeth in vicious positions, hormonal changes, such as those occurring during pregnancy, puberty, menopause, which make the gums more sensitive, other serious conditions: cancer, HIV , stress, genetic predisposition, alcohol abuse.
The first signs of periodontal disease appear after the age of 30 most of the time but it is not excluded that younger people develop the disease, men being the most prone to develop the disease. In rarer cases, conditions such as gingivitis can also affect teenagers.

The main types of gum disease are gingivitis and marginal periodontitis.

Gingivitis is the mildest form of periodontal disease. It is mainly manifested by congestion, swelling and bleeding of the gums. The disease is caused by poor oral hygiene that allows plaque and tartar to build up on the teeth, which is the basis of gum inflammation. Adopting a more rigorous hygiene, which involves proper brushing after every meal, flossing or even professional hygiene in our DentoSanMed office can cure this disease or cause it to regress.
Marginal periodontitis (periodontal disease, periodontosis) is a form of periodontal disease in which the gum disease is already at a much more advanced stage, with the gums and bone being largely affected in depth. Over time, the gums become separated from the teeth, making so-called pockets (spaces between teeth and gums, gum pockets, periodontal pockets), which become infected. As the disease progresses, the pockets become even larger and the gum tissue and bone are destroyed. Teeth become loose, ultimately requiring extraction. Studies have shown that without proper treatment, periodontal disease spreads its effects on the health of the whole body, causing, maintaining and aggravating cardiovascular, kidney and joint diseases.
Periodontitis can take different forms, depending on the stage and severity of the disease:
Aggressive periodontitis manifests itself with the destruction of the dental attachment, i.e. the bone; it occurs in patients in generally good health;
Chronic periodontitis is the most common type of periodontitis, causing inflammation of the supporting tissue of the teeth, formation of "pockets" in the gum line, receding gums and bone loss.
As a result of systemic diseases, doctors associate with periodontitis diseases such as heart, respiratory or diabetes;
Necrotizing periodontal disease is a disease manifested by devitalization of gum tissue, periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. The highest risk of developing such a condition occurs in people with diseases such as HIV, severely decreased immunity from other general conditions, malnutrition.

The main signs and symptoms are: sensitisation, redness or inflammation of the gums, bleeding gums, an unpleasant taste and an unpleasant breath odour that persists, itchy gums, receding gums, pain when chewing, sensitivity and mobility of the teeth, the appearance of pus between the teeth and gums, in the case of patients who wear partial dentures, they no longer feel as stable as before.

Prevention is always much easier, less expensive and less painful than treatment, and periodontal disease is no exception. That's why it's important:
Prevention is always much easier, less expensive and less painful than treatment, and periodontal disease is no exception. That's why it's important:
Floss regularly to remove food debris between teeth that brushing alone cannot remove.
Adopt a balanced diet, as diversified as possible with vegetables, fruit, meat, cereals, dairy products.
Regular check-ups at the dentist who performs professional hygiene through scaling, brushing and air-flow, thus making an important contribution to the prevention of periodontal diseases.
Quit smoking (if applicable).

Initially, the doctor will intervene by thoroughly cleaning the teeth and gum crevices through scaling to remove plaque and tartar. In some cases, certain local and general medications are also recommended, but in very serious cases, surgery is usually required.
Treatment helps control the infection and does not allow the disease to progress. There are different types of treatment depending on the degree of the disease, and whatever measures are taken, the patient must maintain good oral hygiene at home. The doctor may also suggest changing certain behaviours, such as giving up smoking, as a way to improve the results of treatment.

A dental implant is a piece of titanium, most often in the form of a screw, that serves as a replacement for the root of a missing natural tooth. Placement is done after the extraction site has healed or immediately after extraction, in a not very complicated surgery, comparing in aggressiveness to an extraction.
Dental implants support crowns, full or partial dentures. Dental implants can replace one or more teeth. The implanted screw is made of titanium because it is a biocompatible material, so that the bone manages to integrate it into the implant through the phenomenon of osseointegration.

Anyone who is missing one or more teeth due to accidents, various diseases or complications due to dental caries can benefit from implant therapy.
If one or more teeth are missing, implant-supported prosthetic restorations can replace the missing teeth.
In implant therapy, health is more of a determining factor than age. It is considered that if a patient is healthy enough to have a tooth extracted, then he or she may be a candidate for a dental implant.

The dental implant stages last between 3, 6 or more months. The team of doctors who will perform the implant must consist of an implantologist, a prosthodontist and a laboratory technician.
Many people who have dental implants wonder if they will be without teeth or if they will be able to wear dentures during the operation (which, as we have seen, lasts 3, 6 or more months).
After surgery, our doctors can carry out temporary work to allow you to continue working normally.

The factors that affect dental implants are identical to those that lead to the destruction or loss of natural teeth. Among the most important factors are - smoking, alcohol, poor hygiene, lack of timely dental check-ups, as well as other factors related to the quality of the prosthetic work performed by the dentist.
Dental Implants - What are they?
Dental implants are devices that replace the roots of missing teeth. They are used to support crowns, bridges or dentures. Dental implants are surgically placed in the jawbone, and are a more natural and safe option for patients than other methods of replacing missing teeth, such as dentures.
The dental implant is, in a simplified way, a titanium screw, whose surface is treated to facilitate osseointegration (for the human body to accept the foreign body). This is only the first element in the process of restoring a tooth, and a prosthetic bridge and crown must be added.
In most cases, a dental implant is made of materials such as titanium or zirconium, either fiberglass or zirconium is used for the prosthetic abutment, and there are several types of materials or combinations of materials for the dental crown: metal with ceramic, all-ceramic or ceramic with zirconium.
There are many reasons it is important to replace missing teeth, both for aesthetic and functional reasons.
Having all your teeth will make you feel more secure and confident.
When part of the teeth are missing, the bone structure in that area is also affected over time. You will then need a bone graft to build up the jawbone before your dentist can place implants or make a suitable denture.
Tooth loss also affects the way you chew and bite, putting you at risk of not being able to eat some foods. Many people with missing teeth also have poor nutrition, which can affect their overall health.
Missing teeth can lead to speech difficulties. This can also affect your self-confidence.

The cost of dental implants can be much higher than for other types of restorations, but they have a number of advantages that are not available with dentures or dental bridges.
Dental implants are inserted into the bone and feel more like natural teeth than dentures.
You won't have to worry about using adhesives like with dentures or that dentures slip, or when you talk.
Dental implants help you chew much easier than dentures.
Implants look very close to natural teeth, which helps to improve confidence. In addition, they do not affect speech.

The indications for tooth extraction are as follows:
The tooth is affected by decay to the extent that it can no longer be repaired by any conservative method
The tooth is severely damaged (lacking vitality, mobile) following the development of periodontal disease.
The presence of a very extensive abscess or infection that has destroyed the tooth or jawbone to a great extent.
Some people have extra teeth that block the eruption of other teeth or in the case of baby teeth do not allow permanent teeth to emerge.
Dental extractions may also be necessary in preparation for orthodontic treatment (application of braces).
Patients taking cancer treatment drugs can develop dental infections as their immune system weakens. Therefore, extraction of teeth with incomplete but asymptomatic root canal treatments may be recommended.
It is sometimes necessary to extract teeth that can become a source of infection after an organ transplant, also due to a weakened immune system caused by medication.
Wisdom teeth or molars are extracted either before or after eruption if they are badly decayed, cause pain, have infection or put pressure on the surrounding teeth.
After dental extraction, sutures are needed to direct the healing of the post extraction wound. The extracted tooth must be replaced after a certain healing period by an implant or a classical prosthetic work.

The doctor will give the patient detailed instructions on post-operative care measures, what problems may occur and what steps should be taken. Usually, after a dental extraction there is some controllable bleeding. Afterwards a clot forms (this film protects the area where the incision was made and the socket bone). This healing can be defective in people who have problems with blood clotting, and bleeding can recur even 1-3 days after the extraction.
In these conditions, very rigorous special care is required to prevent infection. Healing after surgery can be quick and uncomplicated if you follow a series of instructions.

Once the bleeding has stopped, it is best to eat cold, soft foods for at least the first 24 hours. Avoid hot, crunchy or sticky foods. Drink plenty of fluids at room temperature, neither very cold nor very hot.
Avoid chewing in that part of the mouth where the extraction was performed for the next 5 to 7 days so as not to disrupt the healing process.

You can expect mild discomfort after the anaesthetic has worn off. This discomfort is greater in the first 12 hours and decreases rapidly afterwards.
The pain can be treated with medication recommended by the doctor who performed the operation.
The area where the extraction was performed may swell over the next few days, most noticeably on the second and third day. It may help to apply ice and cold compresses at 15-30 minute intervals.

Avoid brushing your teeth in the area where the extraction was done for the next 2 days, but take care to maintain proper hygiene to avoid exposing yourself to the risk of infection.
The healing time of a tooth extraction injury is, on average, about two weeks, but it takes about 3-6 months for the bone and soft tissue to regenerate. A number of complications can also get in the way of healing: infections, alveolar osteitis.
After complete healing, the patient may opt, on the recommendation of dentists, to replace the extracted teeth with dental implants or dental bridges, unless the purpose of the extractions was to fit dentures.
It is important that this step is not omitted, as the absence of a tooth can cause various problems, apart from those of a purely aesthetic nature: chewing problems, misdirection of the other natural teeth, the teeth in the alveolus weaken because the lateral support is lost, etc.

- Symptoms of early stage oral cancer are not visible to the naked eye
- Spread of oral cancer is rarely associated with acute pain
- More than 2/3 of all oral cancers are diagnosed only in advanced stages
- Early detection of oral cancer increases the survival rate to about 80%.

The word endodontics comes from the Greek language and was formed by joining two words, endo ( inside) and odons (tooth). Endodontics is a specialty of dental medicine that deals with treatments of the dental pulp.
The dental pulp is made up of the soft tissues inside the tooth (arteries, veins, nerve endings and connective tissue). The nerve tissue inside the tooth is of vital importance to the health, longevity and functionality of the tooth. Its main function is sensory. The absence of the nerve inside the tooth will not affect the functionality of the tooth on the arch, it can be very well treated odontally (by fillings) or prosthetically if the diagnosis of pulpitis, necrosis or gangrene requires this treatment.
However, we must not forget two very important aspects, namely endodontic treatments are followed at variable intervals of time depending on the individual by a decrease in the resistance of the dental tissues which requires its increase through prosthetic treatments, respectively the modification in time of the color of the tooth in question which has as a solution the treatments included in the chapter of dental aesthetics.

In most cases endodontic treatment is necessary for three main reasons:
1. infection of the dental pulp by dental caries, which can penetrate dental hard tissues up to the pulp chamber level
2. pulp chamber involvement through dental trauma: e.g. accidental primary dental fracture or secondary to other inappropriate dental or prosthetic treatment.
3. for therapeutic purposes: often due to dental migrations, in order to use these teeth as abutments in a prosthetic work, an untimely grinding of the dental tissues is necessary, grinding that leads to the opening of the pulp chamber and implicitly to endodontic treatment.
Teeth that require endodontic treatment are not always painful. However, there are signs that you may need a root canal filling. These signs include:
- Severe toothache
- Pain when chewing or applying pressure
- Prolonged sensitivity to heat or cold
- Appearance of dark spots on teeth
- Swelling and tenderness in nearby gums.

Following these phenomena, patients often request the extraction of the tooth in question, without taking into account the consequences of losing even one tooth.
Many times when the dental pulp is in early stages of disease and not yet infected and dental pain only occurs when drinking hot or cold liquids, eating ice cream or eating very hot food, your doctor may try a dental treatment called a dental makeover out of a desire to preserve the vitality of your tooth. If this treatment fails then we will have to have endodontic treatment to remove the pain.
The early stages of infection do not necessarily involve pain or other symptoms, but in some cases the problem tooth may change colour (darken), a sign that root canal treatment is needed.
Having a tooth treated endodontically does not mean that this tooth will be extracted in the next few years, as many people claim. The reason we perform endodontic treatment correctly is precisely to keep this tooth on the arch for as long as possible. Indeed, if the reason for endodontic treatment is a very deep decay that has destroyed most of the tooth crown, we will have to restore it with a fiberglass post for example, thus restoring the crown of the tooth and making it possible to restore it by various prosthetic methods. If all these treatments are done correctly and you have very good dental hygiene, your tooth could remain on your arch for the rest of your life.

The tooth has a vascular and nervous tissue (nerve) inside the root canals, which ensures the supply of nutrients. When inflammation or infection of this tissue occurs, it must be removed.
Root canal treatment involves one to several visits to the dentist's office.

Root canal treatment consists of removing the nerve from the root canals, followed by disinfection and sterilization at this level and filling them with special materials, which ensure sealing and prevent infection. Initially, this treatment is carried out to remove pain and prevent or treat infection. This intervention is also necessary to avoid the formation of an abscess, an inflamed area where pus collects and can cause swelling of the tissues around the tooth along with other signs of inflammation. Symptoms of an abscess can range from dull pain to severe pain and tooth sensitivity when bitten. If left untreated the infection will spread, which may ultimately lead to the tooth being extracted and replaced with a dental restoration.
Endodontic treatment is intended to help save your tooth from extraction. Missing teeth can affect your ability to bite and chew, as well as your appearance, can cause other healthy teeth problems that may later lead to their extraction and can have a negative impact on your overall health. By choosing endodontic treatment, you are choosing to maintain a beautiful and healthy smile for years to come.
This may not only affect the tooth involved but may progress to the maxillary or mandibular bone and then to other anatomical structures (sinuses - maxillary sinusitis, superficial or deep lochia - abscesses, phlegmons), leading also to the impairment of the general health of the body (focal disease, bacterial endocarditis, septicaemia).

No! Infection inside the tooth does not respond to antibiotic treatment because the tooth (its hard structures) restricts the amount of blood reaching the area and therefore the amount of antibiotic. Thus, antibiotics do not reach the infected area in sufficient quantity and cannot work. Also, due to the reduced blood flow in the dental pulp area, its self-repair capacity is also reduced.

Dental caries is a chronic destructive process of the hard tissues of the tooth, without inflammatory character, producing necrosis and destruction, followed by coronal or root cavitations. Caries develops only on teeth in contact with the oral environment and never on teeth completely enclosed or very well isolated from the oral environment.

Why is it important to treat tooth decay on time?
Dental caries is the main cause of tooth loss due to its complications. It starts in the enamel (the hard, outer layer of the tooth) and, as it grows in size and approaches the dental pulp (nerve), it begins to hurt when sweet, cold, and may retain food debris. If left untreated even at this stage, infection of the dental pulp occurs, often accompanied by excruciating pain. These infections can lead to a dental abscess, which is characterised by pain, swelling, sometimes even fever and general malaise. Often the tooth cannot recover and has to be extracted.

1. In the first instance, the dentist will carry out a thorough check-up. This will identify what your problems are and indicate whether you are a suitable candidate for ceramic veneers. He or she will explain the entire procedure in detail and make the best material recommendations, and may even carry out a simulation of the treatment to see the final results.
2. After this step the teeth are prepared for veneering. A very thin layer of the enamel surface will be removed so that the veneer can be bonded and the tooth will remain the same size. Once the teeth have been prepared, the dentist will take an impression of them which will go to the dental technician, along with any other information (photographs of the teeth, indications as to the colour, which should be in tune with the other teeth and provide as natural a look as possible, etc.) needed to make the veneers. Until the time of the final veneer, the doctor will make the temporary veneers in the office, which will be bonded to the previously prepared teeth. They have a natural appearance and are intended to protect your teeth.
3. The last stage of the procedure consists in applying the final facets. The doctor will also make any adjustments in shape or size to fit perfectly. The final part of the treatment includes the application of a special acid to ensure the best possible adhesion surface. The veneers are then fixed and cemented. The process is not painful at all and takes no more than a few minutes. Any excess cement will be removed, giving your teeth a flawless appearance.

Cosmetic dentistry will transform your life by providing a complete smile, and porcelain veneers are a very popular procedure. If you're considering porcelain veneers for a new smile, here's what you can expect.
These thin porcelain shells cover cracks and stains on teeth or reshape teeth to create a perfect smile. Stained to complement your natural teeth, porcelain veneers will give you the smile you've been dreaming of in just two visits to your dentist's office.

In your first appointment in our office, after a thorough examination in which we assess your oral health and existing teeth, we will discuss what kind of smile you envision for yourself. Be prepared to discuss issues related to the color and shape of your ideal smile. Your dentist will also take notes about the appropriate shade of colour for your teeth, as well as facial features and facial measurements. We will take into account the appearance of skin tone and facial symmetry when designing your veneers.
Often, during the first appointment your dentist will gently grind your teeth to remove up to 1-2 mm of enamel in the process of preparing new veneers. This will allow the flat veneer to stretch in line with the surrounding teeth. Reshaping the teeth may also be necessary to create the desired look.
Afterwards, we will take the impression for our dental technician to correctly customize the dental veneers. Before leaving the dental chair, we will place the temporary veneers. It is good to know that your teeth may be sensitive until the permanent veneers are placed.
In the second session, when we receive your porcelain veneers from our technician, we will make the necessary and permanent adjustments to your front teeth veneers. Dental veneers made in our office are always created with the highest quality materials that resist the appearance of dental stains and the rigors of everyday tooth wear.
In two visits to the dentist you will be able to enjoy a completely new smile!

It is extremely resistant and tough. It is practically the strongest material used in dentistry to date. It ensures the durability of the work, due to its high mechanical strength; Due to its high strength, it is the only option that allows the creation of large (more than 4 elements) all-ceramic dental bridges;
Being a white ceramic and having the characteristic translucency, it has a special aesthetic, because the dental work will not have any metal in its composition. It provides a special aesthetic, zirconium being a ceramic with remarkable optical properties, thus eliminating the metal structure existing in classic metal-ceramic works, avoiding the appearance of corrosion phenomena and the appearance of a black coloration around the gum;
In cazul folosirii pentru confectionarea scheletului de sustinere al lucrarilor ceramice, va dezvolta legaturi chimice puternice cu stratul ceramic de deasupra deoarece este la randul lui „o ceramica”.
Like gold, it is extremely biotolerable, has no allergic effect and, not being a metal, does not corrode. It ensures good biocompatibility with the tissues of the oral cavity,
Being executed with computerised systems, zirconium-based work is of unparalleled precision.
Unfortunately, it is still extremely expensive. Both the material itself and the equipment needed to process it result in a high final cost.

CAD/CAM (Computer Assisted Design / Computed Assisted Manufacturing) technology is an entire line of technology consisting of a scanner, which scans the working model, computers, milling machine, the whole technology being set in motion with just a few clicks. The results are exceptional, the fit of the work on the prosthetic abutments is perfect.
After the zirconium structure is made, the ceramic technician will layer the ceramic on it and create the shape and colour of the tooth to the complete satisfaction of even the most demanding patient.

In zirconium work, CAD/CAM (Computer Assisted Design/Computer Assisted Manufacturing) technology is used, through which the prosthetic work will be perfectly adapted to the level of preparation made by the doctor.

They appeared quite recently in dentistry. Thanks to the excellent properties of titanium, these restorations are qualitatively close to those with a gold framework. Having the same advantages as gold, titanium is widely used in dentistry, especially for dental implants.

They are dental works made entirely of ceramic without a metal or zirconium framework. They are used in the front areas of the mouth (incisors in particular) in cases where aesthetic demands are very high.
As they do not have a supporting framework, they are less resistant; that is why they are not recommended in the back areas (on the molars) where the masticatory forces are much higher. They appeared in dentistry before zirconium crowns.
- are the most aesthetic works, being made entirely of ceramic.
- do not have the resistance of those with a metal or zirconium framework and, for this reason, can only be used in certain cases.
- it is not advisable to make ceramic integral bridges that exceed 2 or 3 elements.
All-ceramic crowns require complex manufacturing methods, use special types of ceramics and are therefore quite expensive.

Nu incercati metode „populare” de eliminare a tartrului cu diverse substante. Tartrul nu va disparea, in schimb va puteti intoxica.
Nu amanati detartrajul din cauza ca „tartrul tine dintii la locul lor”. Daca dintii sunt mobili, tartrul impreuna cu microbii din el au determinat acest lucru; prin amanare boala evolueaza si medicul stomatolog nu poate trece la alte etape ale tratamentului parodontal.
What is Gracey manual scaling?
It is a mandatory step in professional hygiene. It can remove interdental tartar fragments where access to the ultrasonic scaler is difficult.